文献信息
为什么放进合成菌群专题
以肠道为例理解代谢物共享如何塑造群落稳定性、扰动恢复和宿主健康。
核心解读
要点 1
肠道 cross-feeding 通过代谢物共享影响稳定性、入侵抵抗和扰动恢复。
要点 2
不同营养层级从初级发酵者到 H2 消费者构成代谢网络。
要点 3
宿主健康相关结论需要区分机制证据和生态相关性。
和专题导读的连接
- 概念层：帮助区分“多个菌一起培养”和“成员/功能/互作可定义的合成菌群”。
- 方法层：为成员选择、代谢分工、交叉喂养、群体控制或 DBTL 迭代提供一个切入点。
- 应用层：可作为后续判断生物制造、农业、环境修复或宿主系统文章是否值得深入解读的参考框架。
摘要级内容摘记
Microbial communities are shaped by positive and negative interactions ranging from competition to mutualism. In the context of the mammalian gut and its microbial inhabitants, the integrated output of the community has important impacts on host health. Cross-feeding, the sharing of metabolites between different microbes, has emergent roles in establishing communities of gut commensals that are stable, resistant to invasion, and resilient to external perturbation. In this review, we first explore the ecological and evolutionary implications of cross-feeding as a cooperative interaction. We then survey mechanisms of cross-feeding across trophic levels, from primary fermenters to H2 consumers that scavenge the final metabolic outputs of the trophic network. We extend this analysis to also include amino acid, vitamin, and cofactor cross-feeding. Throughout, we highlight evidence for the impact of these interactions on each species' fitness as well as host health. Understanding cross-feeding illuminates an important aspect of microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions that establishes and shapes our gut communities.