文献信息
为什么放进合成菌群专题
用 Design–Build–Test–Learn 循环组织微生物组工程，避免停留在描述性群落研究。
核心解读
要点 1
DBTL 把微生物组工程从“观察群落变化”推进到“带假设的迭代设计”。
要点 2
Build 不只是混菌，也包括 top-down 富集、bottom-up 组合、合成/自组装策略。
要点 3
Test/Learn 阶段要测结构、功能和机制，而不只测终点表型。
和专题导读的连接
- 概念层：帮助区分“多个菌一起培养”和“成员/功能/互作可定义的合成菌群”。
- 方法层：为成员选择、代谢分工、交叉喂养、群体控制或 DBTL 迭代提供一个切入点。
- 应用层：可作为后续判断生物制造、农业、环境修复或宿主系统文章是否值得深入解读的参考框架。
摘要级内容摘记
Despite broad scientific interest in harnessing the power of Earth's microbiomes, knowledge gaps hinder their efficient use for addressing urgent societal and environmental challenges. We argue that structuring research and technology developments around a design-build-test-learn (DBTL) cycle will advance microbiome engineering and spur new discoveries of the basic scientific principles governing microbiome function. In this Review, we present key elements of an iterative DBTL cycle for microbiome engineering, focusing on generalizable approaches, including top-down and bottom-up design processes, synthetic and self-assembled construction methods, and emerging tools to analyse microbiome function. These approaches can be used to harness microbiomes for broad applications related to medicine, agriculture, energy and the environment. We also discuss key challenges and opportunities of each approach and synthesize them into best practice guidelines for engineering microbiomes. We anticipate that adoption of a DBTL framework will rapidly advance microbiome-based biotechnologies aimed at improving human and animal health, agriculture and enabling the bioeconomy.