文献信息
为什么放进合成菌群专题
系统梳理代谢物、外酶、铁载体、信号分子和生物膜组分如何支撑 cross-feeding。
核心解读
要点 1
cross-feeding 不只是“喂养”，还涉及外排代谢物、外酶、铁载体、信号、毒素和生物膜。
要点 2
合作和竞争经常同时存在，互利关系也可能被利用者破坏。
要点 3
合成菌群设计应把胞外代谢作为连接成员功能的核心层。
和专题导读的连接
- 概念层：帮助区分“多个菌一起培养”和“成员/功能/互作可定义的合成菌群”。
- 方法层：为成员选择、代谢分工、交叉喂养、群体控制或 DBTL 迭代提供一个切入点。
- 应用层：可作为后续判断生物制造、农业、环境修复或宿主系统文章是否值得深入解读的参考框架。
摘要级内容摘记
The transfer of nutrients between cells, or cross-feeding, is a ubiquitous feature of microbial communities with emergent properties that influence our health and orchestrate global biogeochemical cycles. Cross-feeding inevitably involves the externalization of molecules. Some of these molecules directly serve as cross-fed nutrients, while others can facilitate cross-feeding. Altogether, externalized molecules that promote cross-feeding are diverse in structure, ranging from small molecules to macromolecules. The functions of these molecules are equally diverse, encompassing waste products, enzymes, toxins, signaling molecules, biofilm components, and nutrients of high value to most microbes, including the producer cell. As diverse as the externalized and transferred molecules are the cross-feeding relationships that can be derived from them. Many cross-feeding relationships can be summarized as cooperative but are also subject to exploitation. Even those relationships that appear to be cooperative exhibit some level of competition between partners. In this review, we summarize the major types of actively secreted, passively excreted, and directly transferred molecules that either form the basis of cross-feeding relationships or facilitate them. Drawing on examples from both natural and synthetic communities, we explore how the interplay between microbial physiology, environmental parameters, and the diverse functional attributes of extracellular molecules can influence cross-feeding dynamics. Though microbial cross-feeding interactions represent a burgeoning field of interest, we may have only begun to scratch the surface.